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Proto-Oncogene

The ten capabilities of cancer cell

The cancer cell acquires ten capabilities during the development of tumors. Underlying these features are genome instability, which generates the genetic diversity that expedites their acquisition, and inflammation, which fosters multiple functions.

1. Sustaining proliferative signaling                                   6. Activating invasion and metastasis
2. Evading growth suppressors                                           7. Genome instability and mutation
3. Resisting cell death                                                          8. Tumor-promoting inflammation
4. Enabling replicative immortality                                   9.  Reprogramming energy metabolism
5. Inducing angiogenesis                                                   10. Evading immune destrucion

                                        by Hanahan, D & Weinberg, R. A. Hallmarks of cancer: the next generation. Cell 144, 646-674 (2011).

* The definition about the cancer genes of this database was obtained from the Wikipedia.       * Cancer genes related information was obtained from T.A.G., Pfam, UniProt.

Oncogene

Tumor Suppressor Gene